Page 11 - Demo

11THE FORMS OF BULLYINGVerbal bullying is the most common form Verbal bullying includes name-calling, mocking, malicious comments, and ridiculing. Words do not leave physical marks, but their hurtful nature negatively impacts the bullied student%u2019s self-esteem, concept of self, and the way they view themselves and others. The self-esteem of the bullied student can remain low even for years, and their ability to trust others may be lost forever. Being excluded causes feelings of lonelinessExclusion, also known as ostracism, is a common form of bullying. The bullied student is made known that their company is not wanted. They are not, for example, invited to parties where everyone else is invited to or they are directly or indirectly told that they are not wanted in group activities. Exclusion can also happen on social media. Indirect bullying uses hidden methods to inflict harmIndirect bullying means that the bullying does not happen face-to-face. Social manipulation often happens naturally: the bully aims to affect other students by avoiding the bullied student and viewing the bullied student negatively, for example, by spreading unfounded rumors. The students who are bullied indirectly will slowly notice that they are left alone in their peer group. At its worst, the whole group can turn their backs to the bullied student. Physical bullying can be a cause for criminal prosecutionPushing, hitting, or kicking are forms of physical bullying. The extreme forms of physical bullying, such as extreme violence or assault, occur rarely, even though they are often well-represented in the media. Especially cases of bullying that include physical violence can be a reason to consider involving law enforcement. Even if an underage student is not under criminal liability, they may be liable for damages (see p. 30, When bullying is a crime?).